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Last Updated: 2023-01-24 23:47:02
Friendly prefixed IDs for Laravel models
License: MIT License
Languages: PHP
Prefixing an id will help users to recognize what kind of id it is. Stripe does this by default: customer ids are prefixed with cus
, secret keys in production are prefixed with sk_live_
, secret keys of a testing environment with sk_test_
and so on....
This package can generate such friendly prefixed ids for Eloquent models. Here's how such generated ids could look like.
user_fj39fj3lsmxlsl
test_token_dvklms109dls
The package can retrieve the model for a given prefixed id.
// on a specific model
User::findByPrefixedId('user_fj39fj3lsmxlsl'); // returns a User model or `null`
User::findByPrefixedIdOrFail('user_fj39fj3lsmxlsl'); // returns a User model or throws `NoPrefixedModelFound`
// automatically determine the model of a given prefixed id
$user = PrefixedIds::getModelClass('user_fj39fj3lsmxlsl') // returns the right model for the id or `null`;
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You can install the package via composer:
composer require spatie/laravel-prefixed-ids
On each model that needs a prefixed id, you should use the Spatie\PrefixedIds\Models\Concerns\HasPrefixedId
trait.
namespace App\Models;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Spatie\PrefixedIds\Models\Concerns\HasPrefixedId;
class YourModel extends Model
{
use HasPrefixedId;
}
For each model that needs a prefixed id, you'll need to write a migration to add a prefixed_id
column to its underlying table.
If you wish to use another attribute name, you should publish the config file (see below) and set the prefixed_id_attribute_name
config value to the attribute name of your liking.
Schema::create('your_models_table', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->string('prefixed_id')->nullable()->unique();
});
To register your models, you should pass the desired prefix and the class name of your model to PrefixedIds::registerModels
.
Spatie\PrefixedIds\PrefixedIds::registerModels([
'your_prefix_' => YourModel::class,
'another_prefix' => AnotherModel::class,
]);
Typically, you would put the code above in a service provider.
Optionally, You can publish the config file with:
php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Spatie\PrefixedIds\PrefixedIdsServiceProvider" --tag="prefixed-ids-config"
This is the contents of the published config file:
return [
/*
* The attribute name used to store prefixed ids on a model
*/
'prefixed_id_attribute_name' => 'prefixed_id',
];
When a model is created, it will automatically have a unique, prefixed id in the prefixed_id
attribute.
$model = YourModel::create();
$model->prefixed_id // returns a random id like `your_model_fekjlmsme39dmMS`
You can find the model with a given prefix by calling findByPrefixedId
on it.
YourModel::findByPrefixedId('your_model_fekjlmsme39dmMS'); // returns an instance of `YourModel`
YourModel::findByPrefixedId('non-existing-id'); // returns null
YourModel::findByPrefixedIdOrFail('non-existing-id'); // throws `NoPrefixedModelFound`
You can call find
on Spatie\PrefixedIds\PrefixedIds
to automatically get the right model for any given prefixed id.
$yourModel = Spatie\PrefixedIds\PrefixedIds::find('your_model_fekjlmsme39dmMS'); // returns an instance of `YourModel` or `null`
$otherModel = Spatie\PrefixedIds\PrefixedIds::find('other_model_3Fjmmfsmls'); // returns an instance of `OtherModel` or `null`
$otherModel = Spatie\PrefixedIds\PrefixedIds::findOrFail('other_model_3Fjmmfsmls'); // returns an instance of `OtherModel` or throws `NoPrefixedModelFound`
You can use the function Spatie\PrefixedIds\PrefixedIds::generateUniqueIdUsing()
to pass in a function to generate the unique ID. By default the library will use Str::uuid()
to generate the ID.
// generate a unique Id with a set length
Spatie\PrefixedIds\PrefixedIds::generateUniqueIdUsing(function(){
$length = 8;
return substr(md5(uniqid(mt_rand(), true)), 0, $length);
});
To use the prefixed ids in your routes, you'll have to add the getRouteKeyName
method to your model. It should return the name of the attribute that holds the prefixed id.
public function getRouteKeyName()
{
return 'prefixed_id';
}
With this in place a route defined as...
Route::get('/api/your-models/{yourModel}', YourModelController::class)`
... can be invoked with an URL like /api/your-models/your_model_fekjlmsme39dmMS
.
You'll find more info on route model binding in the Laravel docs.
composer test
Please see CHANGELOG for more information on what has changed recently.
Please see CONTRIBUTING for details.
Please review our security policy on how to report security vulnerabilities.
This package is inspired by excid3/prefixed_ids
The MIT License (MIT). Please see License File for more information.