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asbiin/laravel-webauthn

asbiin/laravel-webauthn

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Last Updated: 2023-09-11 11:16:13

#webauthn #laravel-webauthn #laravel #library #php #hacktoberfest #authentication

Webauthn adapter for Laravel

License: MIT License

Languages: PHP, JavaScript, Blade

Webauthn adapter for Laravel

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LaravelWebauthn is an adapter to use Webauthn as 2FA (two-factor authentication) or as passwordless authentication on Laravel.

Try this now on the demo application.

Features

  • Manage Webauthn keys registration
  • 2nd factor authentication: add a middleware service to use a Webauthn key as 2FA
  • Login provider using a Webauthn key, without password

Installation

Install LaravelWebauthn and a psr/http-factory-implementation implementation:

composer require asbiin/laravel-webauthn guzzlehttp/psr7

You can use any other psr/http-factory-implementation implementation.

  • We recommend using guzzlehttp/psr7 package: 
    composer require guzzlehttp/psr7
  • For instance you can use nyholm/psr7. You'll also need symfony/psr-http-message-bridge and php-http/discovery: 
    composer require nyholm/psr7 symfony/psr-http-message-bridge php-http/discovery

Configuration

You can publish LaravelWebauthn configuration in a file named config/webauthn.php, and resources using the vendor:publish command:

php artisan vendor:publish --provider="LaravelWebauthn\WebauthnServiceProvider"

If desired, you may disable LaravelWebauthn entirely using the enabled configuration option:

'enabled' => false,

Next, you should migrate your database:

php artisan migrate

Set Up

Add LaravelWebauthn middleware

The Webauthn middleware will force the user to authenticate their webauthn key for certain routes.

Add this in the $routeMiddleware array of your app/Http/Kernel.php file:

'webauthn' => \LaravelWebauthn\Http\Middleware\WebauthnMiddleware::class,

You can use this middleware in your routes.php file:

Route::middleware(['auth', 'webauthn'])->group(function () {
    Route::get('/home', 'HomeController@index')->name('home');
    ...
}

The Webauthn middleware will redirect the user to the webauthn login page when required.

Login via remember

When session expires, but the user have set the remember token, you can revalidate webauthn session by adding this in your App\Providers\EventServiceProvider file:

use Illuminate\Auth\Events\Login;
use LaravelWebauthn\Listeners\LoginViaRemember;

class EventServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    protected $listen = [
        Login::class => [
            LoginViaRemember::class,
        ],
    ];
// ...

Passwordless authentication

You can use Webauthn to authenticate a user without a password, using only a webauthn key authentication.

To enable passwordless authentication, first add the webauthn user provider: update your config/auth.php file and change the users provider:

'providers' => [
    'users' => [
        'driver' => 'webauthn',
        'model' => App\Models\User::class,
    ],
],

Then allow your login page to initiate a webauthn login with an email identifier.

You can call webauthn.auth.options route with a POST request and an email input to get the challenge data. See authentication section for more details.

Disabling Views

By default LaravelWebauthn defines routes that are intended to return views for authentication and register key.

However, if you are building a JavaScript driven single-page application, you may not need these routes. For that reason, you may disable these routes entirely by setting the views configuration value within your application's config/webauthn.php configuration file to false:

'views' => false,

Usage

You will find an example of usage on asbiin/laravel-webauthn-example. You can try it right now on the demo application.

Authenticate

To authenticate with a webauthn key, the workflow is the following:

  1. Open the webauthn.login login page. You can customize the login page view by calling Webauthn::loginViewResponseUsing. See View response

    The default behavior will open the webauthn::authenticate page. You can also change the value of webauthn.views.authenticate in the configuration file.

  2. Or: Get the publicKey challenge by calling webauthn.auth.options (if not provided).

  3. Start the webauthn browser authentication. You can use the webauthn.js library to do this.

    Send the signed data to webauthn.auth route.

  4. The POST response will be:

    • a redirect response
    • or a json response with a callback data.

Example:

  <!-- load javascript part -->
  <script src="{!! secure_asset('vendor/webauthn/webauthn.js') !!}"></script>
...
  <!-- script part to run the sign part -->
  <script>
    var publicKey = {!! json_encode($publicKey) !!};

    var webauthn = new WebAuthn();

    webauthn.sign(
      publicKey,
      function (data) {
        axios.post("{{ route('webauthn.auth') }}", data)
          .then(function (response) {
            if (response.data.callback) { window.location.href = response.data.callback;}
          });
      }
    );
  </script>

If the authentication is successful, the server will use the webauthn.redirects.login configuration:

  • to redirect the response on a plain http call
  • or with a json response, like: 
    {
    result: true,
    callback: `webauthn.redirects.login` target url,
}

Register a new key

To register a new webauthn key, the workflow is the following:

  1. Open the webauthn.register page. You can customize the register page view by calling Webauthn::registerViewResponseUsing. See View response

    The default behavior will open the webauthn::register page. You can also change the value of webauthn.views.register in the configuration file.

  2. Or: Get the publicKey challenge by calling webauthn.store.options (if not provided).

  3. Start the webauthn browser registration. You can use the webauthn.js library to do this.

    Send the signed data to webauthn.store route. The data should contain a name field with the webauthn key name.

  4. The POST response will be:

    • a redirect response
    • or a json response with a callback data.

Example:

  <!-- load javascript part -->
  <script src="{!! secure_asset('vendor/webauthn/webauthn.js') !!}"></script>
...
  <!-- script part to run the sign part -->
  <script>
    var publicKey = {!! json_encode($publicKey) !!};

    var webauthn = new WebAuthn();

    webauthn.register(
      publicKey,
      function (data) {
        axios.post("{{ route('webauthn.store') }}", {
          ...data,
          name: "{{ $name }}",
        })
      }
    );
  </script>

If the registration is successful, the server will use the webauthn.redirects.register configuration:

  • to redirect the response on a plain http call
  • or with a json response, like: 
    {
    result: json serialized webauthn key value,
    callback: `webauthn.redirects.register` target url,
}

Routes

These routes are defined:

Request Route Description
GET /webauthn/auth webauthn.login The login page.
POST /webauthn/auth/options webauthn.auth.options Get the publicKey and challenge to initiate a WebAuthn login.
POST /webauthn/auth webauthn.auth Post data after a WebAuthn login validate.
GET /webauthn/keys/create webauthn.create The register key page.
POST /webauthn/keys/options webauthn.store.options Get the publicKeys and challenge to initiate a WebAuthn registration.
POST /webauthn/keys webauthn.store Post data after a WebAuthn register check.
DELETE /webauthn/keys/{id} webauthn.destroy Delete an existing key.
PUT /webauthn/keys/{id} webauthn.update Update key properties (name, ...).

You can customize the first part of the url by setting prefix value in the config file.

Ignore route creation

You can disable the routes creation by adding this in your AppServiceProvider:

use LaravelWebauthn\Services\Webauthn;
use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;

class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    public function register()
    {
        Webauthn::ignoreRoutes();
    }
}

Customizing The Authentication Pipeline

The Laravel Webauthn authentication pipeline is highly inspired by the Fortify pipeline.

If you would like, you may define a custom pipeline of classes that login requests should be piped through. Each class should have an __invoke method which receives the incoming Illuminate\Http\Request instance and, like middleware, a $next variable that is invoked in order to pass the request to the next class in the pipeline.

To define your custom pipeline, you may use the Webauthn::authenticateThrough method. This method accepts a closure which should return the array of classes to pipe the login request through. Typically, this method should be called from the boot method of your App\Providers\FortifyServiceProvider class.

The example below contains the default pipeline definition that you may use as a starting point when making your own modifications:

use LaravelWebauthn\Actions\AttemptToAuthenticate;
use LaravelWebauthn\Actions\EnsureLoginIsNotThrottled;
use LaravelWebauthn\Actions\PrepareAuthenticatedSession;
use LaravelWebauthn\Services\Webauthn;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

Webauthn::authenticateThrough(function (Request $request) {
    return array_filter([
            config('webauthn.limiters.login') !== null ? null : EnsureLoginIsNotThrottled::class,
            AttemptToAuthenticate::class,
            PrepareAuthenticatedSession::class,
    ]);
});

Rate Limiter

By default, Laravel Webauthn will throttle logins to five requests per minute for every email and IP address combination. You may specify a custom rate limiter with other specifications.

First define a custom rate limiter. Follow Laravel rate limiter documentation to create a new RateLimiter within the configureRateLimiting method of your application's App\Providers\RouteServiceProvider class.

use Illuminate\Cache\RateLimiting\Limit;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter;

/**
 * Configure the rate limiters for the application.
 *
 * @return void
 */
protected function configureRateLimiting()
{
    RateLimiter::for('webauthn-login', function (Request $request) {
        return Limit::perMinute(1000);
    });
}

Then use this new custom rate limiter in your webauthn.limiters.login configuration:

'limiters' => [
    'login' => 'webauthn-login',
],

Events

Events are dispatched by LaravelWebauthn:

  • \LaravelWebauthn\Events\WebauthnLogin on login with Webauthn check.
  • \LaravelWebauthn\Events\WebauthnLoginData on preparing authentication data challenge.
  • \Illuminate\Auth\Events\Failed on a failed login check.
  • \LaravelWebauthn\Events\WebauthnRegister on registering a new key.
  • \LaravelWebauthn\Events\WebauthnRegisterData on preparing register data challenge.
  • \LaravelWebauthn\Events\WebauthnRegisterFailed on failing registering a new key.

View response

You can easily change the view responses with the Webauthn service.

For instance, call Webauthn::loginViewResponseUsing in your AppServiceProvider:

use LaravelWebauthn\Services\Webauthn;

class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    public function register()
    {
        Webauthn::loginViewResponseUsing(LoginViewResponse::class);
    }
}

With a LoginViewResponse class:

use LaravelWebauthn\Http\Responses\LoginViewResponse as LoginViewResponseBase;

class LoginViewResponse extends LoginViewResponseBase
{
    public function toResponse($request)
    {
        $publicKey = $this->publicKeyRequest($request);

        return Inertia::render('Webauthn/WebauthnLogin', [
            'publicKey' => $publicKey
        ]);
    }
}

List of methods and their expected response contracts:

Webauthn static methods \LaravelWebauthn\Contracts
loginViewResponseUsing LoginViewResponseContract
loginSuccessResponseUsing LoginSuccessResponseContract
registerViewResponseUsing RegisterViewResponseContract
registerSuccessResponseUsing RegisterSuccessResponseContract
destroyViewResponseUsing DestroyResponseContract
updateViewResponseUsing UpdateResponseContract

Compatibility

Laravel compatibility

This package has the following Laravel compatibility:

Laravel asbiin/laravel-webauthn
5.8-8.x <= 1.2.0
7.x-8.x 2.0.1
9.x-10.x >= 3.0.0

Browser compatibility

Most of the browsers support Webauthn.

However, your browser will refuse to negotiate a relay to your security device without the following:

  • a proper domain (localhost and 127.0.0.1 will be rejected by webauthn.js)
  • an SSL/TLS certificate trusted by your browser (self-signed is okay)
  • connected HTTPS on port 443 (ports other than 443 will be rejected)

Homestead

If you are a Laravel Homestead user, the default is to forward ports. You can switch from NAT/port forwarding to a private network with similar Homestead.yaml options:

sites:
  - map: homestead.test
networks:
  - type: "private_network"
    ip: "192.168.254.2"

Re-provisioning vagrant will inform your virtual machine of the new network and install self-signed SSL/TLS certificates automatically: vagrant reload --provision

If you haven't done so already, describe your site domain and network in your hosts file:

192.168.254.2 homestead.test

License

Author: Alexis Saettler

Copyright © 2019–2023.

Licensed under the MIT License. View license.

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